Could Have + Past Participle (V3).

"1. Used to show that something is or might be possible:

Don't worry - they could have just forgotten to call.

2. Used to show that you are annoyed that somebody did not do something:

They could have let me know they were going to be late!

# (Spoken) Used to say that you need or would like to have something:

Her hair could have done with a wash.

3. Used to indicate that something was a possibility in the past, although it did not actually happen.

He could have made a fortune as a lawyer.
He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently.
Somebody could have been killed.
I could have warned you if I had known where you were.
He could have escaped, but he chose to stand and fight.

4. Emphasizing Your Feelings: (Spoken) Used to emphasize how happy, angry etc. you are by saying how you want to express your feelings.

I was so angry I could have killed her.
I was so relieved I could have kissed them all.

[Could = Sometimes he irritates me so much I could scream.]

"[# Over there means in a place a short distance away from you, or in another country:

The café is just across the road over there.

She got married some American and settled down over there.]"

There vs. Have. [vs. = Vs. = Versus.]

There = Exists or Happens.

Have = To be in possession of. (Be in possession of.)

Sentences can also be combined by the use of Adjective Clauses to describe or qualify or enlarge a noun or pronoun. In such sentences there are two clauses, the main clause and the adjective clause.

He has a dog which cost him two hundred rupees.

Here He has a dog is the main clause, and the rest of the sentence is the adjective clause.

Such adjective clauses are introduced by who, whose, whom, which, or that. With whom and which various prepositions can be used, such as to whom, by which, etc.

That is the lady. She married a famous Spaniard.
That is the lady who married a famous Spaniard.

I saw a dwarf at Kakawewa station. He was only two feet high.
At Kalaveva station I saw a dwarf who was only two feet high.

That is the boy I spoke of. His cousin is a well-known poet.
That is the boy I spoke of, whose cousin is a well-known poet.

Here lives a rich old gentleman. I was speaking to you about him only yesterday.
Here lives the rich old gentleman of whom I was speaking to you only yesterday.

This is my friend. I received a beautiful watch from him recently.
This is my friend from whom I received a beautiful watch recently.

Here comes Mr. Herath. I learnt Sanskrit from him.
Here comes Mr. Herath, from whom I learnt Sanskrit.

Take him to Dr. Harischandra. He lives just round the corner.
Take him to Dr. Hariscandra who lives just round the corner.

See if you can find my spectacles. I left them in the library.
See if you can find my spectacles, which I left in the library.

Where is the lock of this drawer? This key belongs to it.
Where is the lock of this drawer to which this key belongs?

Have you seen the red dictionary? I put it on this table yesterday.
Have you seen the red dictionary that I put on this table yesterday?

This is the new theatre. It was damaged by fire last month.
This is the new theatre that was damaged by fire last month.

Note: In sentences like these, which may be used for that. But more frequently neither is used. We say:

Have you seen the dictionary I put on the table yesterday?
This is the book I bought at the railway bookstall.

1. Separate. 2. Combined.

1. Separate. 2. Combined.

1. He is English. He has black hair.

2. Though he is English yet he has black hair.

1. It rained heavily. They played the match.
2. Although it rained heavily yet they played the match.

Note. Yet may be omitted in all such sentences. It is a common mistake to use but instead of yet.

1. Dara was a son of Shah Jahan. Aurangzeb was a son of Shah Jahan.

2. Both Dara and Aurangzeb were sons of Shah Jahan.

1. She plays the piano. She sings.

2. She both plays the piano and sings.

1. Separate. 2. Combined.

1. This fountain pen is ingeniously made. Can you tell me the way it is made.

2. Can you tell me how this fountain pen is so ingeniously made?

1. I should like to learn to swim. Please teach me the way.

2. Please teach me how to swim.

1. He was startled. He could not give a reason.

2. He could not say why he was startled.

1. You are late this morning. What is the cause?

2. Tell me why you are late this morning.

1. Separate. 2. Combined.

1. Priyanka is a good bat. Aruna is a better bat.
2. Aruna is a better bat than Priyanka.

1. It rains heavily at Poona. It rains more heavily at Mahabaleshwar.
2. It rains more heavily at Mahabaleshvar than at Poona.